Understanding STD Treatments: What You Need to Know
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also called sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact. That includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex, and in some instances skin-to-skin contact (like herpes or HPV). Although STD and STI may be used interchangeably, STI is the term to use when discussing the infection before it becomes an STD.
Early diagnosis and treatment are important. Not treating some STIs can result in potentially serious health issues, such as infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and an increased risk of passing HIV on to others. With regular screening and timely treatment, the lasting damage can be averted, and the spread of the infection can be halted.
Types of STDs and Their Treatments
Bacterial Infections
Antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial STIs such as syphilis, gonorrhoea, and chlamydia.
- Chlamydia & Gonorrhoea: can be cured with a single dose of antibiotics (for example, azithromycin or ceftriaxone).
- Syphilis: Needs injections of penicillin for a longer time if advanced.
If treated at an early stage, these infections can be cured completely. But waiting to treat can also raise the risk of complications such as infertility or nerve damage.
Viral Infections
The viral STIs: HIV, herpes (HSV), HPV, and hepatitis B can only be managed, not cured.
- HIV: Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the virus can be controlled, and people can live long, healthy lives.
- Herpes (HSV): Antivirals (like aciclovir) can decrease outbreaks and transmission.
- HPV: Most infections clear on their own, but some strains cause genital warts or cervical cancer. Vaccination (Gardasil) prevents high-risk HPV.
- Hepatitis B: Antiviral and immune-boosting drugs can help control the infection.
All kinds of care combat symptoms as these viruses remain in the body.
Parasitic Infections
Trichomoniasis, which is caused by a parasite, is easily treated with antibiotics such as metronidazole or tinidazole, but most infections are undiagnosed and untreated. To avoid reinfection, both sexual partners should receive treatment.
Special Considerations in STD Treatment
Pregnancy and STDs
- Pregnancy-related STIs can have serious consequences for both mother and baby. Syphilis, HIV, and herpes can be transmitted to the foetus, causing birth defects or stillbirth.
- Prenatal screening is essential to detect and treat any infections early.
- Safe treatments (e.g., penicillin for syphilis) are available during pregnancy.
Partner Treatment
- If you are diagnosed with an STI, your partner(s) should also be tested and treated to prevent reinfection.
What to Expect During Treatment
Visiting an STI Clinic
- Confidential testing
- Consultation with a clinician to discuss results and treatment options
- Some infections (like HIV or syphilis) require ongoing monitoring
- Bring details of your symptoms and sexual history
Aftercare and Prevention
- Complete all prescribed medication, even if symptoms improve
- Avoid sexual contact until treatment is finished
- Consistent condom use reduces future risk
- Regular check-ups are important if you have multiple partners
Conclusion
While some mild infections may resolve on their own, it’s always best to prioritise your sexual health. Untreated STIs can lead to serious complications, so early treatment is crucial.
If you’re concerned about STIs or want peace of mind, visit Chase Lodge Hospital for a confidential consultation. Our discreet services help keep you and your partners healthy.
Don’t wait—get tested today.
