Glandular Fever Treatment – Symptoms, Contagiousness & Recovery
Glandular fever, also referred to as infectious mononucleosis, is a viral disease which is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It mostly strikes teenagers and young adults and is notorious for its long tail of symptoms. Common symptoms include extreme fatigue, sore throat, fever, and swollen glands. Although there is no cure, the most effective treatment for glandular fever is supportive care and rest, which allows the body to heal itself.
What is Glandular Fever?
Glandular fever is a viral infection that is pretty common among young people and is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, a member of the herpes virus family. It is most common in teenagers and young adults, aged 15 to 24. The virus spreads mainly through saliva, which is why it is occasionally referred to as “the kissing disease”. But it can also be transmitted through close contact, including sharing drinks or utensils. Although most people recover within a few weeks, some experience lingering fatigue and other symptoms for months.
Is Glandular Fever Contagious?
Yes, it is contagious, but because it is not spread through blood, faeces, or urine, and is not as easily transmitted as the common cold or flu, it is not as contagious as some infections. Among the most common means of transmission are kissing, sharing cutlery or toothbrushes, and potentially through sex. And even for weeks — and sometimes even months — after the symptoms go away. This makes it challenging to determine when someone is no longer contagious, so it is important to follow good hygiene habits.
Glandular Fever Symptoms: What to Look For
Glandular fever symptoms usually occur between four to six weeks after infection and can be quite severe. The most common include:
- Severe fatigue — frequently the most enduring and debilitating symptom.
- Sore throat and swollen tonsils – which can be confused with bad tonsillitis.
- Fever and chills – they come and go, just enough to aid with discomfort.
- Lymphadenopathy – especially of the neck and armpits.
- Headaches and muscle pains – regular flu-like symptoms.
In some cases, additional, more severe complications, such as an enlarged spleen or liver inflammation (hepatitis), may occur. It’s important to get medical attention if symptoms are getting worse or if new symptoms develop.
What is the Treatment for Glandular Fever?
There is no antiviral treatment for glandular fever; treatment is largely focused on managing symptoms and supporting the immune system. This typically includes:
- Rest and hydration — sleep enough and stay hydrated.
- Over-the-counter painkillers – paracetamol or ibuprofen can reduce fever and discomfort of a sore throat.
- Limited physical activity – particularly contact sports to decrease the risk of a ruptured spleen.
Antibiotics do not work against viral infections such as EBV. But they can be prescribed if a patient has a secondary bacterial infection, like strep throat. Most people start to feel better 2 to 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms, but fatigue can last longer.
Best Treatment for Glandular Fever: Managing Symptoms
Controlling your symptoms is the key to recovery moving smoothly.
- A sore throat can be soothed with throat lozenges or saltwater gargles.
- Larger meals may be difficult to handle; consider smaller, more frequent meals if the appetite is poor.
- Returning to regular activity slowly can prevent relapse.
- Do not engage in contact sports or strenuous lifting for a month, as the spleen may be enlarged and susceptible during the healing phase.
These are simple steps, but they can make all the difference between how long and how comfortably it takes someone to recover.
When to Seek Medical Help
While most have mild cases that recover uneventfully, some may have symptoms that demand prompt medical intervention. These include:
- Breathing or swallowing problems.
- Severe abdominal pain (may be from spleen rupture).
- Persistent high fever despite rest and treatment.
It’s also a good idea to get a doctor’s opinion if your symptoms have persisted for more than six weeks (this may be a sign of complications or of a different underlying issue).
Conclusion
Infectious mononucleosis is a viral illness that can leave you feeling wiped out, but with rest, fluids, and time, you can bounce back. Hygiene and self-care can prevent it from getting too out of control. Don’t hesitate to seek professional counsel if symptoms linger or worsen. For more guidance or help, consult reliable sources like NHS Inform, or speak with one of our knowledgeable doctors at Chase Lodge Hospital.
