What is an Exercise ECG and Why is it Important?
It should come as no surprise that heart health is important for overall health, but some people dismiss early signs of heart problems. One of the most significant methods of evaluating the performance of the heart under stress is the Exercise ECG (Electrocardiogram), which is also referred to as a cardiac stress test or exercise tolerance test.
This is a chest pain test that’s often used for the diagnosis or assessment of conditions such as coronary heart disease (CHD) or angina that might not be easy to pick up when you’re at rest. Doctors track the heart’s electrical activity during exercise to detect potential blockages or abnormalities that could cause life-threatening complications if left untreated.
This blog will cover what an Exercise ECG is, why it’s important, and what you can expect if you need to have one.
What is an Exercise ECG?
An Exercise ECG is a test that measures the electrical signals of your heart whilst you exercise, using running on a treadmill or being on a stationary bike. Unlike the resting ECG, which records heart activity while lying down, the stress test shows how the heart works during physical activity.
How the Test is Conducted
- During the test, electrodes are attached to the chest to record heart rhythms as the patient walks or pedals a treadmill at progressive intensity levels. Blood pressure and symptoms, such as chest pain or shortness of breath, are carefully monitored. The test is performed to maximal heart rate or symptom limitation.
Purpose of an Exercise ECG
1. Evaluation of Cardiac Function under Stress
The heart pumps harder to keep up with activity, which requires more oxygen. If the blood vessels in your heart are narrowed or blocked, this stress can bring on abnormal rhythms or areas where blood flow is reduced that a resting ECG may not detect.
2. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Diagnosis
CHD is caused by plaque buildup in the arteries that restricts blood flow. How is the test conducted? The Exercise ECG can identify any blockages in the arteries and assess if the heart muscle is receiving enough oxygen.
3. Detection of Angina Symptoms
Chest pain caused by diminished blood flow, called angina, routinely comes on during exertion. The test can detect reduced oxygen to certain parts of the heart, potentially leading to earlier intervention.
What to Expect During the Test
Preparation Guidelines
- Dress in comfortable jogging bottoms and trainers.
- Chew no heavy meals, caffeine, or smoke before the test.
- Tell your doctor about all the medications you take, as some may need to be stopped.
Step-by-Step Process
- Electrodes are attached to the chest.
- An initial ECG and baseline blood pressure are performed.
- You will slowly walk or cycle.
- Speed and incline are added incrementally.
- It ends if you develop severe fatigue, chest pain, or abnormal results.
Understanding the Results
Normal and Abnormal Results
- Characteristic: There are appropriate HR (heart rate) and ECG responses to exercise.
- Irregular: Can signal CHD, arrhythmias, or poor blood flow.
Next Steps After the Test
If results are troubling, other tests such as a CT coronary angiogram or stress echocardiogram may be recommended. Lifestyle modifications or medication may also be recommended.
Benefits and Limitations
Benefits
- It is non-invasive and rapid (typically 10–15 minutes).
- Aids in identifying silent heart conditions.
Limitations
- Not appropriate for those who have mobility problems or advanced heart failure.
- It may generate false positives or false negatives.
When Should You Consider an Exercise ECG?
- When you exert yourself, you have pain in your chest, dizziness, or shortness of breath.
- You have risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, or a family history of heart disease.
- You’re keeping an eye on your heart health post-treatment or post-surgery.
Conclusion
An Exercise ECG is a valuable tool for detecting heart problems before they become serious. At Chase Lodge Hospital, we emphasise early diagnosis and prevention to keep your heart healthy.
If you’re concerned about your heart health or have risk factors, consult a specialist to determine if an Exercise ECG is right for you. Early detection can save lives—don’t wait for symptoms to worsen.
Book a consultation today and take the first step towards a healthier heart.
