Managing Coeliac Disease: Effective Treatment & Lifestyle Tips
Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition where the body reacts abnormally to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When someone with coeliac disease consumes gluten, their immune system attacks the lining of the small intestine, leading to inflammation, digestive issues, and nutrient malabsorption.
While there is no cure for coeliac disease, the condition can be effectively managed with the right dietary and lifestyle adjustments. The key lies in strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, regular medical monitoring, and making informed lifestyle choices.
Primary Treatment: Gluten-Free Diet
Why Gluten-Free is Essential
For those with coeliac disease, being gluten-free is not just a dietary choice – it’s a medical requirement. Gluten, even in minute levels, can trigger an immunological reaction that targets the intestinal villi, which are microscopic projections that resemble fingers and aid in the absorption of nutrients. Untreated coeliac disease can also cause more serious health problems over time, such as:
- Malnutrition (related to diminished ability to absorb nutrients)
- Osteoporosis (fragile bones due to a lack of calcium and vitamin D)
- Infertility (associated with deficiencies of nutrients and inflammation)
- An elevated risk of some cancers (like lymphoma of the intestinal tract)
Only a strict gluten-free diet will allow the gut to heal so that symptoms are relieved and long-term damage is avoided.
Long-Term Benefits of Diet Change
A lot of people think they can dabble in gluten because they don’t get bad symptoms. But even a mild or “silent” form of coeliac disease can do damage internally. By adhering to a gluten-free diet, patients can:
- Heal & support gut health and digestion
- Promote energy through more effective nutrient absorption
- Lessen the chances of related autoimmune conditions (Type 1 diabetes, and thyroid disease, for example)
What a Healthy Gluten-Free Diet Looks Like
Nutritional Balance Matters
A gluten-free diet must be nourishing as well as gluten-free. A diet that’s heavy on processed gluten-free foods (such as bread and pasta substitutes) can mean missing out on fibre, iron, and B vitamins. Instead, focus on:
- Real Whole Foods: think fruits, veggies, lean meats, fish, eggs, dairy, rice, quinoa, and legumes — all foods you’d find in the outside aisles of the store!
- Gluten-free fortified grains: Some gluten-free food is enriched with nutrients the body needs — read labels carefully.
Watch for Hidden Gluten
Gluten can be hiding in some surprising spots, such as:
- Sauces and Condiments (soy sauces, gravies, salad dressings)
- Processed meats (sausage, deli meats)
- Supplements and medications (which occasionally contain gluten as a binder)
Cross-contamination is another worry. Use separate utensils, toasters, and surfaces if you share a kitchen. If you are eating out, always inform the staff to avoid unintentional exposure.
Support and Monitoring
Regular Follow-ups
Regular check-ups are still needed even after starting a gluten-free diet. Your doctor may recommend:
- Blood tests to check antibody levels and deficiencies of nutrients.
- Osteoporosis screening with a bone density scan is indicated.
- Vitamin/mineral supplements (e.g., iron, B12, calcium) if there is a deficiency.
Dietitian Guidance
The gluten-free diet can be daunting. A registered dietitian can:
- Help you plan balanced meals.
- Discover sources of gluten that may be lurking in your diet.
- Make sure you’re meeting all your nutritional needs.
Coping and Lifestyle Adjustments
Social and Emotional Support
It can be a lonely experience to live with coeliac disease, particularly when socialising. Strategies to cope include:
- Training friends and family about what you can and cannot eat.
- Sharing gluten-free creations at gatherings.
- Connecting with fellow gluten-free individuals via support groups (like Coeliac UK) for advice and support.
Increased Availability of Gluten-Free Options
Thankfully, awareness of gluten-free products has increased massively in the UK. Restaurants, supermarkets, and food brands now offer safe, certified gluten-free choices, so it’s easier than ever to stick to your diet.
When to Seek Help
If you continue to experience symptoms (bloating, diarrhoea, tiredness) despite a gluten-free diet, see a specialist. You might need additional tests to look for complications or other conditions.
Conclusion
Coeliac disease can’t be cured, though the symptoms should improve greatly if you follow a gluten-free diet. By making gut health a priority and being informed, you too can live a long, healthy life.
If you suspect coeliac disease or want further advice, make an appointment with our experts at Chase Lodge Hospital today.
